Functionalism and neofunctionalism can both be thought of as consensus theories, focusing on the relationships between such things as shared norms and values and the creation of social order. This chapter deals with the rise and fall of structural functionalism, neofunctionalism, and conflict theory. She works towards reframing a study of society that can reflect the realities and experiences of people beyond the confines of traditional constructs or concepts of gender, race, or economic status.Structural Functionalism, Neofunctionalism, and Conflict Theory For information, check out Wikipedia.ĭorothy Smith is one Canadian feminist theorist who has focused on how women have been marginalized in society. Current focuses for feminist theorists also includes the discrimination, the rights, and equal status of the LGBTQ community.At the micro level, feminist theorists study communication, attitudes, and values of men and women.At the macro level, feminist theorists study the economic systems and societal ideologies (beliefs) that give rise to inequality.Focuses on women’s experiences, gender roles, and socio-economic inequalities between men and women.They constructed society to keep themselves in power and to minimize the influence of the masses, creating class conflict.įeminist Theory examines social issues from both macro and micro perspectives, and focuses on the experience of gender. He saw the distribution of power as being top heavy that is, power was tightly controlled by the few individuals at the top who had money and influence. Marx observed power structures in society. For more information, check out Wikipedia. Because they did not have wealth nor power, the proletariat were really at the mercy of the bourgeoisie who were maintaining their own position of power. The working class were known as the proletariat. Society is constantly experiencing change due to competition over resources, as observed during the Industrial Revolution, where the small number of wealthy factory and business owners were referred to as the bourgeoisie.Conflict theorists ask for whom is society functioning? For whom is it not? There is constant tension between the classes of society.Those with the most power have the most wealth, prestige, and privileges, and therefore are able to limit the less powerful. Society is organized into two groups: those with and those without power.Because he looked at the ways in which social institutions or structures function, this theory became known as structural functionalism.Ĭonflict Theory is a macro approach that examines the role that power plays in society and how it can be used to have control over others. He did this through systematic examination of the ways in which social institutions and human beings interact with each other and influence each other.
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